Saturday, 12 September 2009
Everyone seems to be studying and I haven't even completed on my homework. Guess it's really time to buck up. 1 (or maybe 2) am and iced latte, here I come.Just where did all those carefree times fly to?
8:32 PM
Friday, 11 September 2009
It's already September.It hurts me when I picture the scene. I'm a person who needs control. When things spiral out of my hands, I hate to think what will happen. Through my fifteen years, I have never been gripped by fear so tightly before. I hate to see the event unfolding, I hate the time diminshing.'Cause when you're fighting against something as powerful as time, you know you have lost the moment you started.I believe in miracles, but I have lost the faith I once held in them.
3:40 AM
Sunday, 30 August 2009
It's okay, it's alright.I wouldn't go down without a fight.I think.
6:20 PM
Thursday, 13 August 2009
Respiration
Oxidation is a chemical reaction in which a molecule gains oxygen or loses hydrogen.
Respiration is the oxidation of food substances with the release of energy in living cells.
Aerobic respiration is the oxidation of food substances in the presence of oxygen with the release of a large amount of energy. Carbon dioxide and water are released as waste products.
Anaerobic respiration is breakdown of the food substances in the absence of oxygen.
The little amount of energy by anaerobic respiration is enough for the yeast to survive. Yeast releases ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide as waste products during anaerobic respiration.
Tissue respiration is the oxidation of organic substances, releasing energy, carbon dioxide and water within the cells or tissues of an organism.
Energy Conversion in muscle cells
During vigorous muscular contractions, the muscles cells first respire aerobically. In order to remove carbon dioxide and take in oxygen at a faster rate, panting occurs. The heart also beats faster in order for oxygen to be brought faster to the muscles. However, there is a limit to the rate of breathing and heartbeat and they cannot continue increasing. When this occurs and vigorous muscular contractions continue, the muscles cells carry out anaerobic respiration to produce extra energy. Lactic acid is hence formed.
When there is insufficient oxygen to meet the demands of vigorous muscular contractions, the muscles incur an oxygen debt. Lactic acid concentrations build up slowly in the muscles and may eventually cause fatigue and muscular pains.
During the period of rest, the breathing continues to be fast for some time. This is to provide sufficient oxygen to repay the oxygen debt. Lactic acid is also removed from the muscles and transported to the liver. In the liver, some of the lactic acid is oxidized to produce energy. The energy is used to convert the remaining lactic acid into glucose.
Gas Exchange System in Humans
Nose
Air usually enters the body through two external nostrils. The nostrils lead into two nasal passages which are lined with a moist mucous membrane. There are several advantages when breathing through the nose.
Dust and foreign particles, including bacteria in the air, are trapped by the hairs in the nostrils as well as by the mucus on the mucous membrane
As air passes through the nasal passages, it is warmed and moistened before it enters the lungs
Harmful chemicals can be detected by small sensory cells in the mucous membrane
Nose to Trachea
Air in the nasal passages enters the pharynx. Air then enters into the trachea through the glottis.
Trachea and Bronchi
The trachea lies in front of the oesophagus. It extends downwards from the larynx into the chest cavity. It is supported by C-shape rings of cartilage which ensure the trachea is always open. The lower end of the trachea is divided into the two bronchi, one to each lung. Each bronchus divides repeatedly and ends in very bronchioles. The bronchiole ends in a cluster of air sacs.
The thinner walls of the trachea and bronchi are lined up by epithelium bearing cilia. Gland cells in the epithelium secrete mucus to trap dust particles and bacteria. The cilia help to sweep these particles up the bronchi and trachea into the pharynx. They are then swallowed in to the oesophagus.
The Lungs
Each lung lies in the pleural cavity which is lined by the pleura (transparent elastic membrane). The inner pleuron covers the lungs. The outer pleuron is in contact with the walls of the thorax and the diaphragm. A thin layer of lubricating fluid between the pleura allows the membranes to glide over each other easily.
The lungs are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange.
There are numerous alveoli in the lungs to provide a large surface area.
The walls of alveolus are only one-cell thick. This ensures a faster rate of diffusion of gases through it.
A thin film of moisture covers the surface of the alveolus, which allows oxygen to dissolve into the moisture.
The walls of the alveoli are richly supplied with blood capillaries as the flow of blood maintains the concentration of gases.
Chest Cavity
The chest wall is supported by the ribs. The ribs are attached dorsally to the backbone (vertebral column) so that the ribs can move up and down. The ribs are attached ventrally to the chestbone or sternum. The first ten pairs of ribs are attached to the sternum. The external and internal intercostals muscles can be found between the ribs. They are antagonistic mucles.
The thorax is separated from the abdomen by the diaphragm. When the diaphragm muscles contract, the diaphragm flattens downwards. When they relax, the diaphragm arches upwards again. The working of the intercoastal muscles and the diaphragm changes the volume of the thoracic cavity.
Inspiration/Inhalation
Diaphragm contracts and flattens
External intercoastal muscles contract while internal intercoastal muscles relax.
Ribs and sternum move upwards and outwards
Air pressure in lungs causes them to expand to fill up the enlarged space in the thorax. Expansion of lungs causes the air pressure inside them to decrease. Atmospheric pressure is now higher within the lungs and this causes air to rush into the lungs.
Expiration/Exhalation
Diaphragm relaxes and arches upwards
External intercoastal muscles relax while internal intercoastal muscles contract.
Ribs move downwards and inwards.
Sternum moves downwards to its original position.
The volume of the thoracic cavity decreases. The lungs are compressed and air pressure inside them increases as the volume decreases. Air pressure within the lungs is now higher than atmospheric pressure. The air is hence force out of the lungs to the exterior.
Gaseous Exchange in Alveoli
Blood entering the lungs has a lower concentration of oxygen but a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than atmospheric air entering the alveoli in the lungs. A concentration gradient is hence set up for the two gases between the blood and the alveolar air. Oxygen dissolves from the alveolar air into the moisture lining of the alveolar walls and then diffuses from the alveolar air into the blood capillaries.
Tissue cells produce carbon dioxide as a result of aerobic respiration. As the blood capillaries pass through these tissues, carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood and enters the red blood cells. Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid in red blood cells. The reaction is catalysed by carbonic anhydrase present in the red blood cell. The carbonic acid is then converted into hydrogencarbonate ions which diffuse out of the red blood cells. In the lungs, hydrogencarbonate ions diffuse back into the red blood cells where it is converted back into carbonic acid, and then into water and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide then diffuses out of the blood capillaries into the alveoli, which is then expelled when expiration occurs.
The oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration gradient between the alveolar air and the blood are maintained by the continuous flow of blood through the blood capillaries and breathing air in and out of the alveoli.
12:31 AM
Saturday, 8 August 2009
I always thought people who gorge themselves with food when they're upset are pretty funny and weird. But I guess I'm funny and weird now.
10:27 PM
Wednesday, 22 July 2009
It's been a pretty long time since I posted something on this blog which has neither a tagboard nor friends :D I think people think I'm weird to have none of them. But I don't think I'll actually bother.Anyway! Can someone help me in,CHEMISTRY.I'm so going to die. But yeah. I've got a sudden compulsion to have MacDonalds' french fries. Haven't eaten them in a supersuper long time. I shall stick to LJS(: Oh yeah, if anybody still reads the silent blog and you happen to want to buy Powerweb/Skins, tell me okay! I can get more people to buy with me. Umm, so far, there's three people already. The more the merrier!The time's now 11.55. And I'm doing Chemistry. I'm super hardworking mann. But yeah, I need to sleep earlier nowadays. I think I'm a weirdo. Crap. Prove me wrong pleaseee.
11:51 PM
Monday, 6 July 2009
I hate being a volunteer.I absolutely hate it.Anyway, it's finally over. Training will be suspended till no-idea when. Guess it's time to get my studies back on track, after screwing up badly last term. I need to understand my sciences now. Not even a single 'A' was just how bad it really was. But it's okay! I'm determined to get them right. Ohoh, guess what! I'm starting on another Harlan Coben book. Woohoo! Titled "The Woods", it's supposedly better than the other two I've read before. Yet, after reading 100-plus pages, I think the first one I've read was the best still 0.0 Perhaps it's the novelty or something. Ohwell. But so far, so good. It's still damn nice. :DTrackkk. I want to runnnnnnnn. I hope the Malaysia trip isn't cancelled :D At least it gives me something to look forward to!
5:57 PM
Tuesday, 30 June 2009
Yes, I'm back from WALA.
Competition was super screwed up. Thankyou.
11:11 AM
Tuesday, 16 June 2009
I was bored, so..
73%
You are a true perfectionist. You are both demanding of yourself and othersWhile it's great to have goals and standards, they don't need to be sky high!
Strange, didn't know I was one. HAHA.
6:48 PM
Monday, 15 June 2009
I've been reading this book by Harlan Coben, Hold Tight. And I really feel it's downright awesome! Honestly, I've been procrastinating alot on this book already): Considering I finished Tell No One in a day. But anyway! Both are great books, it makes you want to continue reading till you're forced to put the book down or something.But really, what made these books so awesome? Sure, the element of mystery certainly adds a bite to the novels. Surely, that isn't the main point. Many things obviously boils down to the writer, him, himself, and well, him ._. I always felt that to be a good writer, you need both a high IQ and EQ. Isn't that very true? Now to think of it. You wouldn't want to read some weirdo's book which is smooth-sailing and boring. Yet, a person with high intelligence, or at least decent one, will be able to use all the techniques to his own advantage, making his story so damn cool, just like Harlan Coben :DApart from that, though, it's just as important to have a high quotient of EQ, don't you think so? Only then, the writer is able to understand life. Sometimes, it's basically the simplest and minute details of the novel which makes so intriguing. Think of it, every aspect is carefully plotted and taken note. And of course, it sure isn't an easy task. Or everyone would have became great writers right ._. But great writers like him do know how to empathise, they do know what's going in the readers' minds, which is just so amazing. At times, I even find myself understanding the character's plight, and maybe rather shockingly, feel for the character.Now, isn't that the hallmark of a great writer!And the best thing? I'm never an avid reader.I am convinced, I'm a fan of Harlan Coben's novels :D
10:23 PM
Wednesday, 10 June 2009
Not too long ago, while I was training alone, a question came to my mind. For the past three years, I've been working out on the track, giving every inch of effort that I could possibly muster (okay, maybe not), dying from trainings. Not to mention the after-effects where I have to spend time completing my work in the night. All the effort that I've put in, just what exactly was it for?Honestly, I couldn't come up with an answer. And as I pondered over the possible answers, they seemed to be in a complete mess which looked as though they could never be sorted out. The first answer which came to my mind was the winning bit. But did it seem too superficial? After all, all those trainings, were they simply for winning? Furthermore, the feeling was, as always, a momentary one. A soon-to-be-forgotten one. At most, it would only exist as a piece of memory. Yes, it is possible to argue that relieving that memory would be something special. But really, it is different from the moment when one was to cross the finishing line first. But all the trainings which I had over the past week made me realise something. As I completed the 3x300m set, I found my brilliant answer :DI do what I do for a few reasons(:- I love what I do.
- I prefer proving people wrong than committing to what they say.
- I love winning.
- I love achievement.
- Achievement over myself.
I guess it's as simple as that. It isn't about completing the trainings which matter most, it's how I complete them which held the importance. You could complete a 400x6 pretty easily. Yet, it's how one runs it, how one takes training into his own perspective.
Others might not agree with me and would like to think winning is superficial. But I beg to differ :D To others, as shallow as this might sound to them, the painful hours spent on the track will be worth it(: Then again, a person like me would never be satisfied.
To break 10.90.
The mind must be willing. But more importantly, it's the heart and soul which counts(:
9:22 PM
Friday, 29 May 2009
I'm sure I know what I want for my birthday now.
10:20 PM
Tuesday, 26 May 2009
I hate being sick -.- The feeling absolutely sucks.
Recovered pretty much from yesterday already though. Temperature dropped by quite alot, thankfully. Hope I get to go to school tomorrow, being cooped up at home isn't exactly nice either. WALA's near, and I haven't even started training seriously. Sigh. Doesn't help that my results aren't ideal this term. 45 for Bio. Wow ._.
Oh no. O:
5:49 PM
Sunday, 24 May 2009
Happy sixth<3(:I went Plaza Sing to watch Night at the Musuem today<3It wasn't veryveryvery funny.But it's okay I guess!Go watch if you can!Then I went to get my haircut.I look damn weird now. -.-Feeling super sick all of a sudden):Sigh :/Don't feel like going to school O:Ahwell):
9:15 PM
Sunday, 17 May 2009
THURSDAY!We went to Orchard to watch Angels & Demons.Super enthralling, ohmygosh :DGo watch!Then we went CCAB to play soccer thereafter.Super fun :DFRIDAY!They came over to my house.They = Hongkiat, Sherman, Karthik, Ryan, Shashi, Casey, Isaiah, Nevin.Stayed till like 10.Then all of them went off.Aww):Watched Superhero. And then did alot of rubbish.Like, truth or dare.We all know what Karthik did. HAHAHA.SATURDAY!Went to Vivo<3(:Then cabbed from Dover to Serangoon to Casey's house for BBQ!Reached there at like, 8 I think? 0.0Ate super little. :/But was super full ._.The food was super nice la. :DI watched them play Guitar Hero for like quite long.Since I will probably suck it -.-Finally left at like, 11.30.Cabbed home.Yes.The weekend was super fun!I don't want the results to come back.Sigh. Waste my life away.I hope WALA isn't cancelled. ><But first, I need to receive the stupid form.Everyone received it except for Shashi and me O:So slow :/Argh.Hope no results will be back tomorrow. :/Byebye!
9:01 PM
Thursday, 14 May 2009
Yes. I didn't let it rot and die :DOne paper left!Higher Chinese Paper 2.Hope it's easy :/Anyway,I shall blog about today tomorrow :DI need to uhh,study for chinese.Yeah,BYEBYE!
8:19 PM
Monday, 11 May 2009
Seven more papers.
Please let it be over soon.
10:01 PM
Saturday, 9 May 2009
I gotta take a chance tonight So I'm doing me, myself and I Can wait no more Sitting all alone Man, I really hope Hope you forgive me Oh oh Hope you forgive me Oh ohHope you forgive me Oh oh I can wait no moreMan, I really hopeHope you forgive meNo. I'm not asking anyone to forgive me ._.I just like this song :D
9:03 PM
Sunday, 26 April 2009
Wow. I didn't know it feels so good to clear your homework!
I've been pretty much chiong-ing over the weekend. And I think I did quite alot already, so yeah, I'm pretty satisfied with myself :D After nats, I seem to have a craving for alot of junk food, somehow. Right now, I feel like having chips, Macs, Mosburger and Long John Silver, Manhattan Fish Market. Oh man, that's really alot. AHH.But anyway. I think in terms of personal achievement, I feel damn happy with myself :D I've overcome my fear, and learn alot from nats. Of course, on a umm, less deep level, my positions for 100 and 200 are satisfying too(: So yup. I have nothing to complain about, except some minor things which can't be avoided or changed. All in all, it's been a good Nats. Start looking forward to next season, where new challenges lie ahead. I can do it, and I will do it. It ain't that hard.
5:05 PM
Two can play the same game. HAHAHA.
No way. That post is so. Obscene ._.
2:18 PM
Thursday, 23 April 2009
And there it ended.
23rd April 2009.
It kind of left me pretty with mixed feelings really.
The 4x100m relay.
We fought.
And even though we only came in third.
What matters most,
we fought, real hard.
I still remember the trainings with my seniors.
Francis doing the trainings with me at SJI, talking about track all day long.
Yaoyi correcting my starts and suan-ing me as usual.
Edwin pacing me for 6x400m, and dying together.
We as a team, training for the 4by1.
We as a team, winning SPH 4by1 and 4by2 without sweat.
We as a team, the bronze medallists.
We are a team.
And they're the best I've ever had.

And the best I'll ever have.
Francis, Zong Yang, Yaoyi, Edwin.
43.91.
Hell yeah.
We did it.
11:52 PM
Saturday, 18 April 2009
Only five more.Let's do it.Two PBs to break next week please.
4:02 PM
Wednesday, 15 April 2009
It tastes sweet.It feels better than breaking any record in SJI.It feels better than winning at SPH Relays.That feeling at the finishing line.B Boys 200m finals.I've never fought so hard for anything before.And to think it comes in qualifying.
8:23 PM
Monday, 13 April 2009
I'm so sorry..
9:54 PM
Saturday, 11 April 2009
Nats are in two days!
(Click to enlarge)
SAINT JOSEPH'S INSTITUTION TRACK-AND-FIELD.
4:11 PM
Wednesday, 8 April 2009
I'm surprised with myself that I'm even posting something,Since I'm so frickin' tired.I can't take it anymore.I need rest.Zzz.
11:49 PM
Saturday, 4 April 2009
Like superglue;Oops. I haven't posted anything since Monday ._.SPH relays. Ah forget it.Lazy.I'm supposed to get a haircut.But I heard thunder.Ohwell.Super lazy to do anything.Lazylazylazy.Sigh.
3:52 PM
Monday, 30 March 2009
Hmm.
Short post 'cause I'm super tired from the weekend. SPH just sucked away my entire weekend. Ohwell. But I think it was worth it(:
Sorry, heh. I should have done better.
Tomorrow or something.
12:11 AM
Friday, 27 March 2009
LET'S DO IT TOMORROW.
TEAM SJI.
4 by 4.
4 by 2.
Burnburnburn.
10:09 PM
Thursday, 26 March 2009
Today was darn fun!
Enrichment day was super enjoyable!
Flower arrangment is cool okay :D
Let me present to you XD
Work in progress!

End-product :D

11:45 PM
Wednesday, 25 March 2009
Woah.Today was interesting.I had the umm, luxury of going down to support the Crossers. :DSat in the principal's car there ._.Along with Brij, Yamani, Edwin and Francis.Cool eh.Yeah, I'm the only Sec3.Went there.Sec2s can't cheer.Veryvery bad):SJI CLINCHED DOUBLE GOLD.NICE ONE.Shows the effect of a coach.Heh.Madhi frightened all of us like shit O:He fainted from heat exhaustion.Damn scary, I tell you.He was only 100m away.And was in the top10.He wanted to continue.Which was so,heart-wrenching.So often.I tell myself.Mind over body.But when the mind's willing, you still have the listen to your body.I guessed I learnt a lesson.For everything where there's a balance,one's mind can't be overpowering one's body.Going to sleep early tonight.Goodnight world.
11:39 PM
Monday, 23 March 2009
Hello everyoneee.Yes, I have decided to post something before I sleep.Hmm.Term 2 started today.I almost died ._.And that was in the first period.Can you imagine how I felt during the 1440-1530 lesson.Yes, terrible, miserable.Apart from that.School's fun as usual.My class is awesome :DWork hard, play hard.Okay, maybe the first part isn't true.Training today was.Okay, nevermind.Did starts today.I just hope my starts are really improving. ._.Or I'll be darn depressed can.On a brigher note.Thursday is Enrichment Day, no lessons.Friday is E-Learning day.Next Friday is Founder's Day.The following Friday is Good Friday.Wow.SPH relays this weekend.Ooh.Feels quite exciting eh.But I think it's going to be super tiring.5 races in two days.Nice.I don't feel like training anymore.I feel fatigue in my body.Screaming me to stop.Yes, I need rest.And it shall start on Thursday.Yeahhh.Nah. I'm not sleeping yet.
11:50 PM